Personal Conflict Essay Example for Free

Personal Conflict Essay It was on January 2006 when I first set my feet in USA, a day I will live to remember. I was eighteen years old then and had just graduated from high school. I was the best student in my previous school so I got a scholarship to further my studies. Since childhood ,I was fascinated by people especially their cultures, religions and other aspects of their lives but what really amazed me was the way they communicated and the different languages that they used. My life had revolved around one language that was Arabic and therefore when this chance came I was very excited and without second thoughts took the opportunity to study English as my second language. I chose English because it was an international language and I knew it would help me communicate with many people from different parts of the World. More so, it was to be of great assistance to me especially in my stay in the USA. When this day came, I was amidst mixtures of feelings. Even though I was very excited, terror and confusion took the better part of me. The thought of leaving my parents and my younger siblings really terrified me and all of a sudden, I felt lonely. Earlier on after waking up, prayers had been arranged for me and all people wished me a safe journey to America. I was escorted by my friends and family members to the airport where they bid me farewell. This was my first time to travel from my home country and the first to travel in an airplane. While in the plane many thoughts crossed my mind. I thought about the people I would meet and wondered how they would receive me. I also thought about the college I would be enrolled to and my classmates to be . I wondered if there were people from my home place, how many will they be and above all how I would communicate since I was not familiar with English by then. I was in this state when suddenly an air hostess brought me some snacks . Tasty as they looked, I never took a bite. What I could not understand about the air hostess was that she appeared composed and friendly and completely unaware of my predicament. She was young, energetic and cheerful and nothing seemed to trouble her. Contrary, I was deep in confusion and uncertainty . I lost my appetite something which seldom happens to me. In fact , I rarely choose food and anything edible is good to me provided it is not harmful . More so, being the first time to travel by plane I was really uncomfortable and the experience was horrifying. At one time a thought of the aeroplane crushing crossed my mind and it really got me scared. Sleep never crossed my eyes during the whole journey and it took exactly fourteen hours to reach my destination. I arrived at the JFK airport in New York at around 10 pm . The night was chilly and many people wore heavy clothing to keep their bodies warm . I had carried a light jacket which I wore to protect myself from the cold . The environment was new and everything about this place seemed new to me. I was really getting more and more confused and thought it was even better when I was in the plane. My light jacket did not seem to be of much help to me because the cold weather was getting the better of me. Though out of place, a thought crossed my mind. I wondered of how it used to be unusually hot at home and how I had adapted to that kind of climate. I wondered how long would it take for me to get used to this new environment. I do not know exactly how long I had been standing there but what I recall is that I found myself all alone, confused, scared and lost and attracting some policemen. I felt out of place and the way they were looking at me was scaring. Did they see me as a terrorist or something? I never got to answer that question because one of them came directly to where I was and asked whether I was Mr. Mohammed. Though at first I could not understand what he was driving at, the mention of my name made me realize he was out to find me. Upon receiving my answer, he took my passport and asked me to follow him. They took me to one isolated room where they begun interrogating me. Little did they know that I could not understand whatever they were talking about. From their faces I could tell they were suspicious of something. One police officer who was taller than the rest and had a pointed nose with glaring eyes called the others and got outside of the room. I heard them whispering but could not tell what they were discussing. I do not know exactly what transpired but the moment they came in I sensed danger. I was forced to take off my clothes which apart from being humiliating experience it really made me nervous. They might have thought that I had some atomic bomb with me. What made me extremely terrified was the way they were pointing guns at me. For a moment I thought I was going to die. Here I was, people back at home hoping the best for me but not having a clue of the deadly situation I was in at that particular time. The thought of my mum losing me, made me collapse and when I came back to my senses, I was bed ridded in a hospital. At the hospital I got acquinted to the nurse who was taking care of me . She was a very caring and pleasant lady. She did not like it when I told her (she understood me inspite the language barrier) how the policemen had treated me . She failed to understand how people sometimes could be so inhumane. It was from her that I learnt of how I ended up in an hospital and she also told me that our embassy had been contacted. All this she claimed was through the concerted effort of the management of the hospital . Through her kindness and assurance that all will be well, I was beginning to have hope that things would be better for me. I failed to understand how things could contradict themselves. It was simply not easy to relate the caring and treatment I received from the hospital with the ‘reception’ I received from the policemen. I had been at the hospital overnight and I got discharged at around 10 am in the morning. This happened when the Saudi Arabian embassy sent one of its agents to intervene . All was set right and I could not believe it when one policeman was sent to apologize on the behalf of the others and he even offered us a ride to a hotel. The ride was short but I did not fail to notice how the roads were smooth and carefully constructed. If it were home the journey would have taken a little bit longer because most of them need to be tarmacked and they are dusty. When I arrived at the hotel, I took a bathe, had lunch and then slept after 28 good hours of unrest. I woke up at around 10 pm and realized I was all alone, the agent from the Saudi Arabian embassy had promised to drop by the following morning to pick me up. He had informed me that he would take me to his house and where I would be staying for awhile while we sort matters out. I could not get sleep that night. All my thoughts directed to the kind of life I was to lead in the USA. Foremost, being an Arab and a Muslim I wondered where mosques could be found and whether I would learn to communicate in English. Also I thought about the encounter with the policemen and realized the matter had been made complex due to ineffective communications. All these and other thoughts ran across my mind through out the night. In spite uncertainty facing me, I kept on hoping believing and having faith that everything will turn out right for me and I would enjoy my stay in the USA and eventually make it my home. It has been three years now since I arrived in the USA. A lot of things have changed mostly with me trying to catch up with the American way of life. I have made new friends from different backgrounds and we assist each other in times of troubles. Even though I am different in my culture, religion and way of thinking, I get along with others through their support and understanding.

The Study on the Teaching Quality and Teachers Role Under New English Curriculum Standards Essay Example for Free

The Study on the Teaching Quality and Teachers Role Under New English Curriculum Standards Essay Abstractï ¼Å¡With the increasing globalization and internationalization, English is playing a more and more important role in the world, especially in China. Also, English education is being more and more emphasized by educators and the whole society. How to improve the quality of English education has already been the focus of many countries in which English is regarded as a second or foreign language. One effective way to improve the quality of English education is to improve the qualities of English teachers, that is, the progress of teacher development. Key words: senior high school, quality, role. 1 Introduction 1. Research background With the increasing globalization and internationalization of countries in the world, English is more and more widely used and its role in the society is increasingly important. In addition, in many countries where English is regarded as a second or foreign language, English has already become a necessary demand for many jobs. Those who can read English books, write English articles and communicate with others in English may be easier to be employed. Such tendency requires people, especially the young, to improve their English language ability. Therefore, English education, which is a crucial way to help people learn English better, is becoming much more important. Over the past several decades, expertise and educators are finding methods to improve the quality of English education. The training of teachers’ professional skills is one of those effective methods which can better English education. Since China’s reform and opening, the scale of its English education has continually grown, attended by significant achievements in teaching and learning. However, English education in its current form is failing to meet the needs of contemporary social and economic development. The current round of reforms to the English curriculum aim to end the following practices: †¢ Over-emphasizing the transmission and explanation of knowledge about grammar and vocabulary †¢ Neglecting to develop students’ ability to use language for real In their place, the reforms aim to establish a curriculum that: †¢ Develops students’ comprehensive language competence †¢ Motivates students, is relevant to their life experiences and cognitive level †¢ Promotes task-based teaching methods †¢ Involves students in experiential, practical, participatory and cooperative learning †¢ Develops students’ positive attitudes, thinking skills, practical abilities, cultural awareness and autonomy through the language learning process 2. Research purposes Since teacher development is more and more crucial in the field of education, this study is of great use. For one thing, with the basis of previous studies and researches, this research, which analyzes the teacher’s quality and role needed under New English Curriculum Standard For Senior Middle School, can provide more useful information and resources for the progress of theoretical study. For another, it also has practical meanings because such research may provide useful modules to develop teachers in China, including training for pre-service teachers and in-service teachers, such as teacher preparation programs and training courses. These may be useful for the practical progress of the training of teachers in China or even in other countries 2. Professional quality of teacher under New English Curriculum Standard For Senior Middle School A qualified English teacher in senior middle school not only have to possess the basic quality of regular senior middle school, which is individuality, teaching capability, dedication, education theory and teaching research ability, but also have to have special attainment of English teacher of senior middle school. Taken together, it generally includes several points below: 2.1 A deep love for English teaching of senior high school. English teaching of senior middle school is absolutely necessary of the whole education. Our English teacher of senior high school must closely connected personal work with enhancement of quality of the whole nation, cultivation of Four possessions socialism citizen and task of cultivation of new century cross-cultural pillars of the national construction. We need to look far ahead and aim high, and profoundly realize the far-reaching meaning of English teaching in senior middle school, so as to generate deep affection to the three feet platform and be happy to dedicate our youth to educational business. 2.2 Teacher should enjoy high prestige and command universal respect†. An English teacher of senior middle school must intentionally care for not only teaching of class ,but also students’ physical and mental development . Teachers should teach and nurture students at the same time. No matter at work or in life, they should speak and act cautiously, set themselves as example to students, and preserve in doing it. 2.3 Have high level language quality. Our English teacher in senior middle school should possess solid professional basic skill, proficiently apply their language technique and knowledge, and master a certain quantity of vocabulary and background knowledge of British and American culture in the meantime. Therefore, teachers should continuously improve their language quality. Only if they can speak standard mandarin and fluent English, can they attract students to do corresponding training of listening, speaking, reading and writing like a magnet. 2.4 Have teaching skills of â€Å"Practice makes perfect†. English teaching in senior middle school requires teachers to teach their students in accordance with their aptitude based on class specialties. For example, The senior 2(9) class I am teaching is arts class with active girls and the senior 2(4) class is science class with most of them boys and poorer foundation. I often study the specialties of the arts class and science class, and I will design with different style and totally different teaching process and mode even for same teaching content to adapt to teaching of different class. According to the psychological and physiological characteristics of senior middle school students, â€Å"curriculum standard† request English teacher in senior middle school make teaching more artistic. Teachers need to devote a lot of time in acting, singing, drawing, making, ect., and master rules and methods of English teaching of senior middle school to achieve double effects o f teaching. 2.5 Have teaching strategy and culture consciousness quality. â€Å"Curriculum standard† request teachers should consciously use their teaching strategy to help students form suitable individual learning strategy, thus to achieve satisfying learning effect for both teacher and students. English teacher of senior middle school should be student oriented, develop student individuality, help students optimize their learning method and improve self learning ability. Teacher should also emphasize EQ education and cultivate their coordination consciousness and teamwork spirit, and have students learn communication, interaction, listening, appreciation and respect while building confidence. Only autonomous, cooperative and investigative learning can make them build up solid foundation for future society. English is language teaching with rich culture connotations. In English teaching of senior middle school, culture can be Historical geography, local customs and practices, traditional customs, life style, literature and art, dinner Etiquette etc. of English-speaking countries. For example, Unit 1 Anne’s Diary of class in Book 1 involves tears of blood of Jews; Unit 2 English Around the World tells us different standard English of different countries; Unit 3 Travel Journal let us know river of the six states-Mekong River, and Lancang River is the most important international river of Southeast Asia. English teacher of senior middle school should continuously improve their teaching strategy and cross cultural consciousness to be adaptable to English teaching request of â€Å"curriculum standard†. 2.6 Ability to apply multi-media and several kinds of teaching methods. Teachers should master several teaching tools and methods, which is one of the basic quality requests to English teachers of senior middle school by new curriculum standard. Tape recorder, film slide, pictures, self made teaching tools, courseware, multi-media, etc., are all effective teaching tools and methods to attract senior school students to learn English. With the development of science technique that makes great changes of information society, multi-media teaching has entered into urgent era for nationwide popularization. English teacher of senior middle school should be familiarly and freely make use of this modern technique to motivate students’ learning interest of English, cultivate their positive learning attitude and have them positively participate in English activities, thus to improve English teaching efficiency. 3. Role request of New English Curriculum Standard For Senior Middle School to English teacher of senior high school â€Å"Curriculum standard† request English teachers of senior middle school should be quickly adaptable to diversified role change. In total, teacher should play below roles in school education. 3.1 The roles of imparting knowledge and educating people. â€Å"Preacher†, â€Å"teach knowledge and solve confusion†, social request and expectations determine that English teachers of senior middle school should firstly play the role of imparting knowledge and educating people in school education. In modern English class of senior middle school, teacher should change the education from â€Å"one person alone has the say† to â€Å"allow everyone to have they say†, from parental teaching to partner discussion education. Teacher is initiator of human knowledge and educator of teaching by personal example. In students’ eyes, English teacher is living dictionary of English knowledge and also the source of cross cultural consciousness education. Therefore, the knowledge we impart must be accurate and updated, and also contemporary. 3.2 The role of administrator. Besides class teacher, English teacher of senior middle school is also the leader and manager of students group. To ensure the English class to proceed successfully and receive expected effect, teacher should not only â€Å"teach† but also â€Å"manage†, which means on the one side, English teacher should painstakingly organize class teaching, on the other side, emphasize the management of class discipline. There is no doubt that there is cacogenesis in every class. For the growing senior middle school students, teacher should give more positive education, communicate with them calmly, equally walk into their inner world and use more friendly talk, thus to make them sincerely convinced. 3.3 The role of psychological orientation. English teacher of senior middle school should also be a server of psycho hygiene. On the one side, they should guide students to live healthily and positively. For students â€Å"attach too much importance to science and make light of English†, teacher should teach and help him in earnest, and make him not lose this course in the same starting line. For students with â€Å"internet addiction†, teacher should help them hardly cut out the bad habits of net play, help them catch up on drop classes, help them get rid of over self abasement, anxiousness, impulsiveness to regain normal mentality and prevent the happening of different psychological problems. On the other side, when students fail in test and suffer from psychological frustrations, teacher should try to create an understanding and permissive harmonious atmosphere to comfort and cure students’ broken heart in teachers’ expected eyes. 3.4 The role of innovative researcher. English teacher of senior middle school should master modern technology, which is one the guarantee for class teaching quality. Network techniques are the core of modern technology. It provides wide space for class teaching with powerful initiative request, interactive manner, open space and extensive information source. Therefore, the master of computer applicability techniques is one of the standards to evaluate new era teachers. Multi-media provides great platform for English teachers to proceed with listing, speaking, writing and reading trainings. Therefore, we must perfect ourselves in multi-media teaching like self making courseware and film slide by continuously learning, rethinking and constant innovation. We should possess the ideology of â€Å"lifelong learning†, write teaching postscript and paper in time, and become innovative investigative teacher. 4. Conclusion The best way to learn is to learn from the best.† Teaching problem is mainly teacher problem. Quality of teacher had direct influence in the study of students. We can say that excellent English teacher of senior middle school can teach excellent students. Diversification of teacher roles determines the important meaning and weighty responsibility of teacher occupation, and also the high quality request of English teachers of senior middle school. Therefore, under the guidance of â€Å"curriculum standard†, our English teachers of senior middle school should possess high quality and be suitable for transition of diverse roles, so as to become the pioneer of new curricular reform of senior middle school in 21 century and remain invincible.

Purpose Of Different Camera Angles

Purpose Of Different Camera Angles A long shot shows the entire object or human figure and is usually intended to place it in some relation to its surroundings. It has been suggested that long-shot ranges usually correspond to approximately what would be the distance between the front row of the audience and the stage in live theatre. It is now common to refer to a long shot as a wide shot because it often requires the use of a wide-angle lens. A related notion is that of an extreme long shot. This can be taken from as much as a quarter of a mile away, and is generally used as a scene-setting, establishing shot. It normally shows an exterior, e.g. the outside of a building, or a landscape, and is often used to show scenes of thrilling action e.g. in a war film or disaster movie. There will be very little detail visible in the shot, as it is meant to give a general impression rather than specific information. Medium Shot A medium shot is a camera shot from a medium distance. In some standard texts and professional references, a full-length view of a human subject is called a medium shot; in this terminology, a shot of the person from the knees up or the waist up is a close-up shot. In other texts, these partial views are called medium shots. Medium shots are relatively good in showing facial expressions but work well to show body language. Depending where the characters are placed in the shot, a medium shot is used to represent importance and power. Close-Up A close-up tightly frames a person or an object. Close-ups display more detail than a medium or long shot, but they do not include the broader scene. Moving in to a close-up or away from a close-up is a common type of zooming. Close-ups are used in many ways, for many reasons. Close-ups are often used as cutaways from a more distant shot to show detail, such as characters emotions, or some intricate activity with their hands. Close cuts to characters faces are used far more often in television than in movies; they are especially common in soap operas. For a director to deliberately avoid close-ups may create in the audience an emotional distance from the subject matter. Close-ups are used for distinguishing main characters. Major characters are often given a close-up when they are introduced as a way of indicating their importance. Leading characters will have multiple close-ups. Close-up shots do not show the subject in the broad context of its surroundings. If overused, close-ups may leave viewers uncertain as to what they are seeing. Close-ups are rarely done with wide angle lenses, because perspective causes objects in the center of the picture to be unnaturally enlarged. Certain times, different directors will use wide angle lenses, because they can convey the message of confusion, and bring life to certain characters. Aerial Shot Aerial shots are usually done with a crane or with a camera attached to a special helicopter to view large landscapes. A good area to do this shot would be a scene that takes place on a building. If the aerial shot is of a character it can make them seem insignificant or vulnerable. Birds Eye Shot A birds eye shot refers to a shot looking directly down on the subject. The perspective is very foreshortened, making the subject appear short and squat. This shot can be used to give an overall establishing shot of a scene, or to emphasise the smallness or insignificance of the subjects. These shots are normally used for battle scenes or establishing where the character is. Low-Angle Shot A low-angle shot is a shot from a camera positioned low on the vertical axis, anywhere below the eye line, looking up. Over the Shoulder Shot An over the shoulder shot is a shot of someone or something taken over the shoulder of another person. The back of the shoulder and head of this person is used to frame the image of whatever (or whomever) the camera is pointing toward. This type of shot is very common when two characters are having a discussion and will usually follow an establishing shot which helps the audience place the characters in their setting. Point of View Shot A point of view (POV) shot is a short film scene that shows what a character (the subject) is looking at (represented through the camera). It is usually established by being positioned between a shot of a character looking at something, and a shot showing the characters reaction. A POV shot need not be the strict point-of-view of an actual single character in a film. Sometimes the point-of-view shot is taken over the shoulder of the character (third person), who remains visible on the screen. Sometimes a POV shot is shared (dual or triple), i.e. it represents the joint POV of two (or more) characters. There is also the nobody POV, where a shot is taken from the POV of a non-existent character. This often occurs when an actual POV shot is implied, but the character is removed. Sometimes the character is never present at all, despite a clear POV shot. A POV shot need not be established by strictly visual means. The manipulation of diegetic sounds can be used to emphasize a particular characters POV. It makes little sense to say that a shot is inherently POV; it is the editing of the POV shot within a sequence of shots that determines POV. Nor can the establishment of a POV shot be isolated from other elements of filmmaking mise en scene, acting, camera placement, editing, and special effects can all contribute to the establishment of POV. With some POV shots when an animal is the chosen character, the shot will look distorted or black and white. Reverse Shot Shot reverse shot is a film technique wherein one character is shown looking at another character (often off-screen), and then the other character is shown looking back at the first character. Since the characters are shown facing in opposite directions, the viewer assumes that they are looking at each other. Shot reverse shot is a feature of the classical Hollywood style of continuity editing, which deemphasizes transitions between shots such that the audience perceives one continuous action that develops linearly, chronologically, and logically. It is in fact an example of an eye line match. Two Shot A Two shot is a type of shot where the frame encompasses a view of two people (the subjects). The subjects do not have to be next to each other, and there are many common two-shots which have one subject in the foreground and the other subject in the background. The shots are also used to show the emotional reactions between the subjects. An American two shot shows the two heads facing each other in profile to the camera. Establishing Shot An establishing shot sets up, or establishes, a scenes setting and/or its participants. Typically it is a shot at the beginning (or, occasionally, end) of a scene indicating where, and sometimes when, the remainder of the scene takes place. Establishing shots may use famous landmarks such as the Eiffel Tower, the Colosseum, the Empire State Building, or the Statue of Liberty to identify a city. Alternatively, an establishing shot might just be a long shot of a room that shows all the characters from a particular scene. A close-up shot can also be used at the beginning of a scene to establish the setting. Establishing shots were more common during the classical era of filmmaking than they are now. Todays filmmakers tend to skip the establishing shot in order to move the scene along more quickly. In addition, scenes in mysteries and the like often wish to obscure the setting and its participants and thus avoid clarifying them with an establishing shot. An establishing shot may also establish a concept, rather than a location. For example, opening with a martial arts drill visually establishes the theme of martial arts. Master Shot A master shot is a film recording of an entire dramatized scene, from start to finish, from an angle that keeps all the players in view. It is often a long shot and can sometimes perform a double function as an establishing shot. Usually, the master shot is the first shot checked off during the shooting of a scene-it is the foundation of what is called camera coverage, other shots that reveal different aspects of the action, groupings of two or three of the actors at crucial moments, close-ups of individuals, insert shots of various props, and so on. Freeze Frame Shot A freeze frame shot is used when one shot is printed in a single frame several times, in order to make an interesting illusion of a still photograph. Freeze frame is also a drama medium term used in which, during a live performance, the actors/actresses will freeze at a particular, pre-meditated time, to enhance a particular scene, or to show an important moment in the play/production. The image can then be further enhanced by spoken word, in which each character tells their personal thoughts regarding the situation, giving the audience further insight into the meaning, plot or hidden story of the play/production/scene. This is known as thought tracking, another Drama Medium. Insert Shot An insert is a shot of part of a scene as filmed from a different angle and/or focal length from the master shot. Inserts cover action already covered in the master shot, but emphasize a different aspect of that action due to the different framing. An insert is different from a cutaway in that the cutaway is of action not covered in the master shot. There are more exact terms to use when the new, inserted shot is another view of actors: close-up, head shot, knee shot, two shot. So the term insert is often confined to views of objectsand body parts, other than the head. Thus: CLOSE-UP of the gunfighter, INSERT of his hand quivering above the holster, TWO SHOT of his friends watching anxiously, INSERT of the clock ticking. Often inserts of this sort are done separately from the main action, by a second-unit director using stand-ins. Inserts and cutaways can both be vexatious for directors, as care must be taken to preserve continuity by keeping the objects in the same relative position as in the main take, and having the lighting the same. Special Effects used in Martial Art Films Bluescreen/Chroma Key Chroma keying is a technique for mixing two images or frames together in which a colour (or a small colour range) from one image is removed (or made transparent), revealing another image behind it. This technique is also referred to as colour keying, colour-separation overlay (CSO; primarily by the BBC), greenscreen, and bluescreen. It is commonly used for weather forecast broadcasts, wherein the presenter appears to be standing in front of a large map, but in the studio it is actually a large blue or green background. The meteorologist stands in front of a bluescreen, and then different weather maps are added on those parts in the image where the colour is blue. If the meteorologist himself wears blue clothes, his clothes will become replaced with the background video. This also works for greenscreens, since blue and green are considered the colours least like skin tone. This technique is also used in the entertainment industry, the iconic theatre shots in Mystery Science Theater 3000, for example. Describe Relate Bullet Time Bullet Time refers to a digitally enhanced simulation of variable speed (i.e. slow motion, time-lapseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) photography used in films, broadcast advertisements and video games. It is characterized both by its extreme transformation of time (slow enough to show normally imperceptible and un-filmable events, such as flying bullets) and space (by way of the ability of the camera angle-the audiences point-of-view-to move around the scene at a normal speed while events are slowed). The first movie to use the Bullet Time technique was Blade in 1998, where bullets were computer-generated and digitally implemented. However, the actual term Bullet Time is a registered trademark of Warner Bros., the distributor of The Matrix. It was formerly a trademark of 3D Realms, producer of the Max Payne games. This is almost impossible with conventional slow-motion, as the physical camera would have to move impossibly fast; the concept implies that only a virtual camera, often illustrated within the confines of a computer-generated environment such as a game or virtual reality, would be capable of filming bullet-time types of moments. Technical and historical variations of this effect have been referred to as time slicing, view morphing, slow-mo, temps mort and virtual cinematography. Describe Relate Computer-generated Imagery Computer-generated imagery (also known as CGI) is the application of the field of computer graphics or, more specifically, 3D computer graphics to special effects in films, television programs, commercials, simulators and simulation generally, and printed media. Video games usually use real-time computer graphics (rarely referred to as CGI), but may also include pre-rendered cut scenes and intro movies that would be typical CGI applications. These are sometimes referred to as FMV (Full motion video). CGI is used for visual effects because computer generated effects are more controllable than other more physically based processes, such as constructing miniatures for effects shots or hiring extras for crowd scenes, and because it allows the creation of images that would not be feasible using any other technology. It can also allow a single graphic artist to produce such content without the use of actors, expensive set pieces, or props. 3D computer graphics software is used to make computer-generated imagery for movies, etc. Recent availability of CGI software and increased computer speeds have allowed individual artists and small companies to produce professional grade films, games, and fine art from their home computers. This has brought about an Internet subculture with its own set of global celebrities, clichà ©s, and technical vocabulary. Simulators, particularly flight simulators, and simulation generally, make extensive use of CGI techniques for representing the Outside World. Describe Relate Digital Compositing Digital compositing is the process of digitally assembling multiple images to make a final image, typically for print, motion pictures or screen display. It is the evolution into the digital realm of optical film compositing. Describe Relate Stop Trick A stop trick is a film special effect. It occurs when an object is filmed, then while the camera is off, the object is moved out of sight of the camera, and then the camera is turned back on. When the film is watched it thus seems to the viewer that object disappears. Georges Mà ©lià ¨s accidentally developed the stop trick while filming street traffic in Paris. The gate mechanism of his camera jammed; the traffic continued moving normally but Mà ©lià ¨ss camera stopped filming until he could free the gate mechanism. Later, when he screened the printed footage of the street traffic, he was astonished to see an omnibus suddenly turn into a hearse. What actually happened is that the omnibus moved out of frame after the camera jammed, to be replaced by the hearse before the camera continued filming. Mà ©lià ¨s used this technique to do magical tricks. For example, he would film a magician and a girl; the magician would make a gesture and Melies stopped the camera. He told the girl to go out of sight and started the camera again. When viewing the finished film, it looked like the girl disappeared suddenly after the magicians gesture. This technique is not to be confused with the stop motion technique, in which the entire shot is created frame-by-frame. The television series Bewitched made frequent usage of the stop-trick technique. Describe Relate Stop Motion Stop-motion (also known as stop-action or frame-by-frame) is an animation technique to make a physically manipulated object appear to move on its own. The object is moved in small increments between individually photographed frames, creating the illusion of movement when the series of frames is played as a continuous sequence. Clay figures are often used in stop-motion for their ease of repositioning. Stop-motion animation using clay is described as clay animation or clay-mation. Describe Relate Camera Techniques used in fight scenes Long Lens Stunt The most basic approach to shooting a violent punch is one of the most effective. The very first punch thrown in Fight Club was shot this way, and its used again throughout the film, so it cant be bad. Speed Punch Wf Matching Motion Wf Knock Down Wf Cutting For Impact Wf Down on the Floor Wf Off-Screen Violence Wf The Moment of Defeat Wf

Switzerland and the European Union Essays -- switzerland, republic, ca

Officially known as the Swiss Confederation, Switzerland is a federal parliamentary republic comprised of 26 cantons, which represent four languages and a population of just over eight million . Switzerland is well known for its small landmass yet high standard of living, as well as its banking system and adherence to traditional Swiss culture. While the state is autonomous, it is a part of the Schengen Area unlike all EU members, and remains outside of the European Union (EU) and the European Economic Area (EEA), as it became the sole EFTA member to reject membership by referendum in 1992 . Despite this, Switzerland maintains a staunch economic relationship with members of the EU through a series of bilateral agreements involving trade, free movement of people, agriculture and taxation among others. These provisions between countries provide an increasingly interdependent European continent characterized by trade agreements, free movement of Swiss-EU citizens and a single European market. A recent referendum against mass immigration has passed through Switzerland’s direct democracy by a majority of just 50.3% , effectively nullifying the bilateral agreements that were reached with the EU in 1999. The referendum is binding in Switzerland and requires the Swiss Federal Council to produce legislation within three years of the vote. As a result, officials within the EU have voiced their regrets regarding the outcome of the ballot, and are carefully considering re-evaluating their relations with Switzerland. The issue of Switzerland’s proposed cap on immigration is a very recent matter, and the results of the referendum will likely be a catalyst for changes in EU policies. This paper will examine steps that the European Union cou... ...immigration." Le Temps, September 2011. Ryser, Monique. Bilateral Agreements Switzerland-EU. Edited by Integration Office FDFA/FDEA. Bern, Switzerland: Department of Foreign Affairs FDFA, 2009. Schwok, Renà ©. Switzerland - European Union: An Impossible Membership? Brussels: European Interuniversity Press, 2009. Taylor, Paul, and Richard Mably. "Switzerland Can't Have It Both Ways on Migration: EU's Barroso." Reuters (Brussels), February 12, 2014. Accessed March 2014. http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/02/12/us-eurozone-summit-switzerland-idUSBREA1B0FG20140212. Telegraph staff and agencies. "France ready to 'roll out the red carpet' for British exit from EU." The Telegraph (England), January 23, 2013. Accessed March 2014. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/financialcrisis/9820327/France-ready-to-roll-out-the-red-carpet-for-British-exit-from-EU.html.

Essay --

Where is the line drawn between empowerment and objectification? Do women want to be viewed as objects rather than equals? According to Cameron Diaz.Female sexuality in media continues to be a heated and divided debate between people with conventional and progressive views. The media and various female artists have forced us to repeatedly question whether pushing boundaries is liberating or insulting. Those with traditional values believe that objectifying women sets a negative example for the youth of today. While modern audiences believe that women should choose to empower themselves by pushing the envelope and promote the youth to follow their own path in life. Women in the music industry today are empowering themselves, rather than being objectified, through their music by encouraging individuality and embracing their sexuality. Many with traditional values argue that the objectification of female artists in music media is sexist and demeaning. Breines, a postdoctoral fellow at Brandeis University, believes. This media imagery shapes how society views women and young girls see themselves. As a result, this leaves women are more prone to low self confidence and eating disorders. This self-objectification shown by oversexualized artists perpetuates the ideal that a woman’s character is solely based on her appearance. Nowadays, teenagers are becoming more and more influenced by social media and have an easier access to images that are not necessarily appropriate. The female artists are promoting stories of female servitude rather than of female equality. Female artists promote a tasteless lifestyle through overtly sexualized imagery. Suit, a representative from Safermedia, stated that, The song lyrics to â€Å"Pour It Up† include.... ... during this debate is self respect. Traditional audiences see a provocative performance or song and assume the female artist lacks self respect. But what must a male artist do to lack self respect? As a result, the youth today pay the ultimate cost by emulating a bad example in their everyday lives. Regardless the message given from both of these artists, no matter how provocative, the empowerment of women and being an individual is evident. However, modern viewers might question why society forces women to be ashamed of their bodies rather than empowered. Audiences can come to their own conclusions, after seeing something provocative, based on appearances. However, regardless of controversial themes explored, only female artists can determine their own self respect and whether it is lost by embracing their bodies and inspiring other females to do the same.

Islam vs. Hinduism Essay -- Religion

The principles of early religious traditions hold an abundance of power for today’s students. A power teaching a number of lessons that all students are able to carry for years to follow. The view of an outsider is much different from that of an educated individual because the ignorant individual may perceive oppression within the caste and Islamic systems. Identifying similarities are essential because they demonstrate that the two belief systems are comparable, but recognizing the differences is more important because it is the variations that allow individuals to better understand the religious faiths. Islam is a complex faith that is comprised of a variety of different expectations based on one’s culture. The term Islam can be defined as the submission to God’s will. There are one billion Muslims throughout every part of the world that do not think or behave the exact same way (Kaltner, 2-4). Hinduism is a series of lives where the next life is the sum of all of one’s previous lives and is a very broad religious tradition because the core beliefs and practices are not focused around a single idea. The Hindu belief system is not only a religion, but a philosophy or viewpoint on life (Boyle). By understanding the moralities and core beliefs of Islam and Hinduism students have the opportunity to correct the misunderstandings and labels cast upon these religious traditions. Identifying the key elements of Islam and Hinduism displays that each religious tradition contrasts in how life after death is perceived, the creeds or guidelines to obey, as well as in whom the followers believe. Initially, the Islam and Hinduism belief systems contrast in how each faith perceives life after death. Much like Christians, Muslims ... ...and differences between Islamic and Hindu beliefs of afterlife, the sacred text and teachings, and their respective gods help students understand each religion exclusively. This gives students the power to rise above the majority of society and give Muslims and Hindus the respect and image that they truly deserve. Works Cited Boyle, Mary. "Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Daoism." Orange Humanities. Midland University, Anderson 304, Fremont. Mar. 2012. Lecture. Kaltner, John. "Islam Is a Religion of Orthopraxy - Chapter 2." Islam: What Non-Muslims Should Know. Minneapolis, MN: Augsburg Fortress, 2003. Print Manish, Chintamani. "Hinduism." Orange Humanities. Midland University, Anderson 304. Fremont. Feb. 2012. Lecture. "The Vedas." Hindu Texts:. Religion Facts, 17 Mar. 2004. Web. 14 May 2012. .

Business Ethics Comprises

NOTE: 1. CASE 2, p316~3241. Business ethics comprisesA) the laws and regulations that guide behavior in the world of business.B) the morals, values, and customs that guide behavior in general.C) the principles and standards that guide behavior in the world of business.D) the obligations businesses assume to maximize their positive impact and minimize their negative impact on stakeholders.E) the morals, values, and customs that parents teach their children.2. Social responsibility isA) an organization's obligation to maximize its positive effects and minimize its negative effects on stakeholders.B) principles and standards that guide behavior in the world of business.C) a business's responsibility not to pollute the environment.D) a business's responsibility to manufacture products that function properly without harming consumers.E) charitable contributions made by a business to enhance its image.3. Which of the following is not one of the rights spelled out by John F.Kennedy in his C onsumers' Bill of Rights? .A) The right to chooseB) The right to safetyC) The right to be informedD) The right to be ethicalE) The right to be heard4. Business ethics was acknowledged as a field of study by business academics and practitioners in the .A) 1990s.B) 1980s.C) 1970s.D) 1960s.E) years prior to 1960.5. Which statement best describes the evolution of business ethics?A) From a field of study to theological discussion to recognition of social issuesB) From recognition of social issues to a field of study to theological discussionC) From a field of study to recognition of social issues to theological discussionD) From recognition of social issues to theological discussion to a field of studyE) From theological discussion to recognition of social issues to a field of study6. Before the 1960s, ethical issues related to business were often discussedA) theologically.B) economically.C) politically.D) sociologically.E) psychologically.7. The study of business ethics is important to better understand all of the following exceptA) that a person's own moral philosophies and decision-making experiences may not be sufficient to guide him or her in the business world.B) how and why people make ethical or unethical decisions.C) how to cope with conflicts between a person's own values and those of the organization in which he or she works.D) that business ethics is merely an extension of an individual's own personal ethics.E) how to identify ethical issues that arise in the business world.8. Individuals' personal ethics play a major role in the evaluation of business decisions only when their preferences or valuesA) differ from those of their employer.B) influence their performance in the workplace.C) are unethical.D) are ethical.E) result in negative publicity for their employer.9. The ability of a business organization to achieve its business goals is directly affected by whether its behavior is judged to be right or wrong byA) society.B) its union members.C) its em ployees.D) Congress.E) its competitors.10. An individual with acceptable personal ethics may not be able to handle complex business ethical issues if the individual hasA) family concerns.B) an unethical boss.C) limited business experience.D) financial concerns.E) a marketing background.11. The study of business ethics in North America has evolved through _____ distinct stages.A) fiveB) fourC) threeD) tenE) nine12. Business professors began to teach and write about social responsibility during theA) 1960s.B) 1970s.C) 1980s.D) 1990s.E) 2000s.13. To be successful, relationships with investors must rest on dependability, _____, and commitment.A) ProfitsB) DividendsC) TrustD) ConfidenceE) codes of ethics14. Recently, what type of unethical behavior within business has resulted in a significant reduction of trust among the general public?A) Accounting fraudB) Environmentally unsafe practicesC) Employee discrimination and harassmentD) Defective productsE) Bribery15. Which of the following is not one of the rewards for being ethical and socially responsible in business?A) Greater employee commitmentB) Greater employee turnoverC) Improved customer trust and satisfactionD) Increased investor willingness to entrust fundsE) Better financial performance16. Employees' perceptions of their firm as having an ethical climate lead toA) lack of focus on goals.B) negative performance.C) social responsibility.D) improved relationships with competitors.E) performance-enhancing outcomes.17. When employees see honesty, respect, and trust applied frequently in the workplace, theyA) feel less pressure to compromise ethical standards.B) observe less misconduct.C) are more satisfied with their organizations overall.D) feel more valued as employees.E) All of these18. Investors are concerned about business ethics because they know that misconduct canA) foster stability.B) improve employee commitment.C) improve customer loyalty.D) lower stock prices.E) raise stock prices.19. Most strong org anizational climates focus on the core value of placing ________ interests first.A) customers'B) employees'C) stockholders'D) suppliers'E) distributors'Ans:  Ã‚  A Format:  Ã‚  Multiple  Choice Page:  Ã‚  21 20. In the history of business ethics, the 1990s can best be described as a time when business ethics wasA) formalized.B) consolidated.C) institutionalized.D) popularized.E) marginalized.21. An ethical issue is a problem, situation, or opportunityA) that harms consumers.B) that harms the environment.C) that requires society to choose among several actions that must be evaluated as right or wrong.D) that requires an individual, group, or organization to choose among several actions that must be evaluated as ethical or unethical.E) that requires an individual, group, or organization to choose between harming consumers or the environment and earning more profits.22. Ethical issues in business are defined byA) customers.B) government regulators.C) employees.D) shareholders.E) stakeholders.23. Which of the following statements about stakeholders is correct?A) None of the external stakeholders are primary stakeholders.B) External stakeholders cannot be primary stakeholders.C) All internal stakeholders are primary stakeholders.D) Coop stakeholders cannot be secondary.E) Secondary stakeholders can be tertiary.24. Which of the following does not represent the set of primary stakeholders of a business?A) Employees, customers, and investorsB) Shareholders, the community, and the mediaC) Customers, investors, and governmentD) Employees, investors, and shareholdersE) The community, employees, and government25. The primary responsibility of ensuring that ethical, legal, and social standards are adhered to within a business rests withA) the investors.B) the government.C) the management board.D) the employees.E) the customers.